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英语单音节的形容词通常采用综合式(synthetic form)的比较级形式,即在词尾上加er的比较级形式。但实际上有许多单音节的形容词除可加er外,有时却需要用分析式形式(analytic form),即在形容词之前加上more构成其比较级。下面介绍几种单音节形容词用more构成比较级的情况。
一、描述一个人或物的两种品质、特征等情况的单音节形容词。例如:
He is more bold than strong.与其说他刚强,不如说他大胆。
She is more proud than vain.她与其说是虚荣,不如说是骄傲。
二、具有描写性和强调意义的后置单音节形容词。例如:
There never has been a man more kind and just.从来没有一个人如此友善和公正。
It is difficult to find a man more brave than him.要找到比他更勇敢的人不容易。
They found it more easy to remember the text than the individual words.他们觉得,记课文比记单个的词要容易些。
三、以两个辅音字母结尾的单音节形容词有些用more构成比较级。例如:
The judge is more just than that one.这位法官比那位更公正。
The teacher is more strict with me than my father.老师比我父亲对我要求还严格。
四、由分词转化成的单音节形容词(如marked,tiring,pleased等)。例如:
He looks more worn today than yesterday.他今天看上去比昨天还焦虑不安。
Walking is more tiring than riding a bike.步行比骑自行车累。
His kindness is more marked than yours.他的善良比你明显。
五、单音节形容词在句中作表语,后面又跟有一个由than引导的比较状语从句时,也可用more构成比较级。例如:
John is more mad than Bob is.约翰比鲍勃更狂热。
They are more pleased than we thought.他们比我们想像的还高兴。
六、当比较不是在两个人或物之间进行,而是只强调单音节形容词本身的含义,不用于对比时,比较级常译为“比较……一些”。例如:
They prefer a more sweet type of beer during the winter.在冬季,他们喜欢喝一种比较甜的啤酒。
Everybody was more kind.每个人都比较和蔼。
Mr Smith likes more strong wine.史密斯先生喜欢较烈的酒。
七、当前一个形容词是用more或most形式时。例如:
Airline has become more comfortable and more safe and more cheap than ever.坐飞机比以往更舒服、更安全、更便宜。
His knowledge is both more expensive and more deep than mine.他的知识比我的知识要渊博、有价值些。
八、有关国籍的单音节形容词表示该国人的行为举止等时。例如:
His accent is more French than hers.他的法国口音比她的更重些。
John is more English than the English.约翰比英国人还有英国人的风度。
九、有些表示绝对概念的单音节形容词(如right,like,real,wrong等)没有比较级,但在用于转义或表示对比时,可用more构成比较级。例如:
It is wrong to think of it; it is more wrong to do it.那样想是错误的,那样做更是错误的。
If I’m blind, you’re more blind.如果我瞎,你就更瞎了。
Jane is more right than you thought.珍妮比你想的要健康得多。
That place is far more worth visiting.那个地方更值得一看。
十、当单音节形容词用于“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构时,可用more形式。例如:
The more old he is, the more wise he becomes.他年龄越大,就变得越聪明。
The more round the moon looks, the more charming it becomes.月亮看上去越圆,就变得越迷人。
(责任编辑 黄 晓 周侯辰)
一、描述一个人或物的两种品质、特征等情况的单音节形容词。例如:
He is more bold than strong.与其说他刚强,不如说他大胆。
She is more proud than vain.她与其说是虚荣,不如说是骄傲。
二、具有描写性和强调意义的后置单音节形容词。例如:
There never has been a man more kind and just.从来没有一个人如此友善和公正。
It is difficult to find a man more brave than him.要找到比他更勇敢的人不容易。
They found it more easy to remember the text than the individual words.他们觉得,记课文比记单个的词要容易些。
三、以两个辅音字母结尾的单音节形容词有些用more构成比较级。例如:
The judge is more just than that one.这位法官比那位更公正。
The teacher is more strict with me than my father.老师比我父亲对我要求还严格。
四、由分词转化成的单音节形容词(如marked,tiring,pleased等)。例如:
He looks more worn today than yesterday.他今天看上去比昨天还焦虑不安。
Walking is more tiring than riding a bike.步行比骑自行车累。
His kindness is more marked than yours.他的善良比你明显。
五、单音节形容词在句中作表语,后面又跟有一个由than引导的比较状语从句时,也可用more构成比较级。例如:
John is more mad than Bob is.约翰比鲍勃更狂热。
They are more pleased than we thought.他们比我们想像的还高兴。
六、当比较不是在两个人或物之间进行,而是只强调单音节形容词本身的含义,不用于对比时,比较级常译为“比较……一些”。例如:
They prefer a more sweet type of beer during the winter.在冬季,他们喜欢喝一种比较甜的啤酒。
Everybody was more kind.每个人都比较和蔼。
Mr Smith likes more strong wine.史密斯先生喜欢较烈的酒。
七、当前一个形容词是用more或most形式时。例如:
Airline has become more comfortable and more safe and more cheap than ever.坐飞机比以往更舒服、更安全、更便宜。
His knowledge is both more expensive and more deep than mine.他的知识比我的知识要渊博、有价值些。
八、有关国籍的单音节形容词表示该国人的行为举止等时。例如:
His accent is more French than hers.他的法国口音比她的更重些。
John is more English than the English.约翰比英国人还有英国人的风度。
九、有些表示绝对概念的单音节形容词(如right,like,real,wrong等)没有比较级,但在用于转义或表示对比时,可用more构成比较级。例如:
It is wrong to think of it; it is more wrong to do it.那样想是错误的,那样做更是错误的。
If I’m blind, you’re more blind.如果我瞎,你就更瞎了。
Jane is more right than you thought.珍妮比你想的要健康得多。
That place is far more worth visiting.那个地方更值得一看。
十、当单音节形容词用于“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构时,可用more形式。例如:
The more old he is, the more wise he becomes.他年龄越大,就变得越聪明。
The more round the moon looks, the more charming it becomes.月亮看上去越圆,就变得越迷人。
(责任编辑 黄 晓 周侯辰)