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目的 研究2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者与2型糖尿病并发肺结核(T2DM-PTB)患者膳食营养摄入状况,分析其膳食营养素摄入量存在的差异.方法 采用简化食物频率问卷(food frequency questionnaire,FFQ)法,对2017年1月至2017年7月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院内分泌科住院的T2DM患者(140例),以及同时期在黑龙江省传染病防治院住院的T2DM-PTB患者(140例)进行膳食调查.结果 T2DM患者和T2DM-PTB患者能量摄入量(平均每天,以下同)分别为(8444.5±1507.1)kJ和(6424.9±2032.2)kJ(t=6.93,P=0.000);蛋白质的摄入量分别为(81.9±9.9)g和(57.3±18.5)g(t=9.78,P=0.000);脂肪摄入量分别为(63.2±35.7)g和(51.7±27.7)g(t=2.12,P=0.036);碳水化合物摄入量分别为(280.5±33.3)g和(210.3±40.3)g(t=11.23,P=0.000);铁的摄入量分别为(24.5±4.7) mg和(15.9±3.9) mg(t=11.80,P=0.000);锌的摄入量分别为(11.8±1.7) mg和(8.3±2.1) mg(t=10.93,P=0.000);硒的摄入量分别为(40.5±7.1) mg和(36.6±14.0)mg(t=2.07,P=0.041);钙的摄入量分别为(518.3±121.2) mg和(393.4±127.9) mg(t=5.93,P=0.000);维生素A的摄入量分别为(428.0±172.9) μg视黄醇当量(RE)和(346.8±145.5) μg RE(t=3.01,P=0.003);维生素D的摄入量分别为(1.9±0.9) μg和(3.8±4.5) μg(t=-3.19,P=0.001);维生素E的摄入量分别为(25.7±17.1) mg和(18.7±12.5) mg(t=2.75,P=0.007);维生素B1的摄入量分别为(1.2±0.2)mg和(0.8±0.2) mg(t=10.92,P=0.005);维生素B2的摄入量分别为(0.9±0.1)mg和(0.7±0.3) mg(t=7.07,P=0.000);维生素B6的摄入量分别为(0.4±0.2)mg和(0.2±0.1)mg(t=8.28,P=0.000).结论 T2DM-PTB患者膳食营养摄入状况较T2DM患者差;T2DM-PTB患者和T2DM患者均应增加富含各种维生素及微量元素食物的摄入.“,”Objective In order to study the dietary nutritional status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and those complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis (T2DMPTB),and to analyze the differences in dietary nutrient intake.Methods Using simplified Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) method,a dietary survey was conducted in patients with T2DM (n=140) in the Department of Endocrinology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,and patients with T2DM-PTB (n =140) who were hospitalized in the Heilongjiang Province Infectious Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital from January 2017 to July 2017.Results Energy intakes per day was (8444.5 ±1507.1) kJ in patients with T2DM and (6424.9± 2032.2) kJ in patients with T2DM PTB,respectively (t=6.93,P=0.000).The intake of protein was (81.9±9.9) g and (57.3±18.5) g,respectively (t=9.78,P=0.000).The intake of fat was (63.2±35.7) g and (51.7±27.7) g,respectively (t=2.12,P=0.036).Carbohydrate intake was (280.5±33.3) g and (210.3±40.3) g,respectively (t=11.23,P=0.000).The iron intake was (24.5±4.7) mg and (15.9±3.9) mg,respectively (t=11.80,P=0.000).The intake of zinc was (11.8±1.7) mg and (8.3±2.1) mg,respectively (t=10.93,P=0.000).The selenium intake was (40.5±7.1) mg and (36.6± 14.0) mg,respectively (t=2.07,P=0.041).Calcium intake was (518.3± 121.2) mg and (393.4± 127.9) mg,respectively (t=5.93,P=0.000).Intake of vitamin A was (428.0±172.9) μg retinol equivalent (μg RE) and (346.8±145.5)μg RE,respectively (t=3.01,P=0.003).The intake of vitamin D was (1.9±0.9) μg and (3.8±4.5) μg,respectively (t=-3.19,P=0.001).The intake of vitamin E was (25.7±17.1) mg and (18.7±12.5) mg,respectively (t=2.75,P=0.007).The intake of vitamin B1 was (1.2±0.2) mg and (0.8±0.2) mg,respectively (t=10.92,P=0.005).The intake of vitamin B2 was (0.9± 0.1) mg and (0.7±0.3) mg,respectively (t=7.07,P=0.000).The intake of vitamin B6 was (0.4±0.2) mg and (0.2±0.1) mg,respectively (t=8.28,P=0.000).Conclusion The dietary nutritional status of T2DM-PTB patients was worse than that of T2DM patients.Both T2DM-PTB and T2DM patients should increase the intake of foods rich in vitamins and trace elements.