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目的了解学龄期哮喘儿童心理行为问题的发生情况,探讨个性特征及自我意识与学龄期哮喘儿童行为问题的关系。方法采用Achenbach儿童行为量表(Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL)、Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表(Piers-Harris Children’s Self-concept Scale,PHCSS)以及艾森克人格问卷-儿童版(Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,EPQ)对213名学龄期哮喘患儿进行问卷调查。结果 1)学龄期哮喘患儿的行为问题检出率为24.4%,主要表现为抑郁、分裂样、攻击及交往不良等;2)有行为问题的哮喘患儿在自我意识量表总分(51.28±15.88vs 57.14±13.41,P<0.05)及智力与学校情况(9.50±4.42vs 10.93±3.61,P<0.05)、躯体外貌属性(6.47±3.62vs 8.14±3.16,P<0.01)、合群(7.88±2.64vs 8.78±2.03,P<0.05)维度上的得分显著低于无行为问题哮喘儿童。3)Logistic回归分析的结果显示,自我意识中的合群维度能够显著预测行为问题的发生(B=-0.998,SE=0.435,P=0.022)。结论学龄期哮喘儿童的行为问题发生率相对较高,自我意识是影响患儿行为问题的重要心理因素。
Objective To understand the occurrence of psychological behavior problems of children with asthma during school age and to explore the relationship between personality characteristics and self-awareness and behavioral problems of children with asthma in school age. Methods Achenbach’s Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Piers-Harris Children’s Self-concept Scale (PHCSS), and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) ) Conducted a questionnaire survey on 213 school-age children with asthma. Results 1) The detection rate of behavioral problems in children with school-age asthma was 24.4%, mainly manifested as depression, schizophrenia, attack and poor communication; 2) Children with behavioral problems in the self-awareness scale total score (51.28 ± 15.88vs 57.14 ± 13.41, P <0.05) and intelligence and school conditions (9.50 ± 4.42 vs 10.93 ± 3.61, P <0.05) ± 2.64 vs 8.78 ± 2.03, P <0.05) The scores on the dimensions were significantly lower in asthmatic children with no behavioral problems. 3) The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that the cohesion dimension in self-awareness could significantly predict the behavioral problems (B = -0.998, SE = 0.435, P = 0.022). Conclusion The incidence of behavioral problems in school-age asthmatic children is relatively high, and self-awareness is an important psychological factor affecting children’s behavioral problems.