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金钟藤为海南原产,近20年来种群数量迅速增多,并对许多次生林、人工林和灌木林造成严重危害。金钟藤种群成灾的生境或区域有不同的光照和水分条件,而灾变种往往通过较高的表型可塑性来适应多样的生境条件。为揭示土著灾变种金钟藤适应多样生境条件的生理生态机制,本文通过温室盆栽试验研究了不同光照和水分条件对金钟藤生长、形态性状及其可塑性、化感作用的影响。结果表明,高光干旱条件下金钟藤生物量有所降低。在低光下,金钟藤增加了茎总长度、比茎长、比叶面积,降低了根冠比。这些形态性状的表型可塑性指数平均为0.36。高光干旱生长条件下,金钟藤叶片水浸液对生菜种子萌发和芽长生长的抑制作用较低,可能是因为在这种胁迫条件下,金钟藤降低了对竞争(化感)的资源投入。形态性状的可塑性可能促进了金钟藤在林下低光环境下更好的捕获光能和快速生长至冠层,而化感作用的可塑性说明金钟藤可能通过调节对竞争(化感)的资源投入来适应多样的水分条件。金钟藤在形态性状和化感作用方面的可塑性可能是其适应多样生境条件并爆发成灾的生理生态机制之一。
The golden bell vine is native to Hainan. The number of its population has increased rapidly in recent 20 years and caused serious damage to many secondary forests, plantations and shrubs. Habitat or area affected by the population of Ardisia tenuiflora has different light and moisture conditions, and catastrophes often adapt to diverse habitat conditions through higher phenotypic plasticity. In order to reveal the physiological and ecological mechanism of Indigowoacum chinensis, which adapts to diverse habitat conditions, we studied the effects of different light and water conditions on the growth, morphological traits, plasticity and allelopathy of Cymbidium hybridium by greenhouse pot experiments. The results showed that the biomass of C. sinensis decreased under high light stress. In low light, Admiralty increased the total stem length, the ratio of stem length, specific leaf area, reduced root to shoot ratio. The phenotypic plasticity index of these morphological traits averaged 0.36. Under the conditions of high light and drought stress, the inhibitory effect of aqueous extract from leaves of golden bell vine on the germination and bud length growth of lettuce was probably lower because of the reduced resource allocation to competition (allelopathy) under this stress condition. The plasticity of morphological traits may promote the better trapping of light energy and rapid growth to the canopy under the low light environment, while the allelopathic plasticity suggests that the golden bell may adapt to the competitive (allelochemical) resource by regulating its input A variety of water conditions. The plasticity of Metasus tuber in shape and allelopathy may be one of the physiological and ecological mechanisms that adapt to various habitat conditions and cause disaster.