三、雅尔塔体系的产物战后两大阵营的出现是战时国际关系发展的结果.战前的国际关系,基本上维持了传统的以欧洲均势为中心的格局。亚洲的日本是利用欧洲列强之间的矛盾去远东扩张,它的活动实质上仍是欧洲格局的扩大和延伸。美国在外交上奉行孤立主义政策,尽量避免卷入欧洲的纠纷,只想坐收渔人之利。苏联忙于自身的建设,又受到西方国家的孤立和包围,故使其国际地位和作用受到限制,所以,战前只有除苏联以外的几个欧洲大国是国际政治舞台上的主要角色。二战之后,由于德意日崩溃,英法也受到严重削弱,这就从根本上打破了以欧洲均势为中心的国际关系格局,美苏关系成为错综复杂的国际关系的核心。在战争中,国际关系有两个趋势最引人注目,一是美苏关系的均势;一是英国对美国的依附。这两种趋势经过一系列国际会议和秘密磋 III. THE PRODUCT OF THE YALTA SYSTEM The appearance of the two camps after the war was the result of the development of international relations during wartime, and the pre-war international relations basically maintained the traditional pattern with the European balance of power as the center. Japan in Asia in Asia is using the conflicts between European powers to expand to the Far East. Its activities are essentially the expansion and extension of the European pattern. The United States pursues the policy of isolationism in its diplomacy and tries its best to avoid disputes that involve itself in Europe. It just wants to take advantage of the fisherman’s interest. As the Soviet Union was busy with its own construction and was isolated and surrounded by Western countries, its international status and role were limited. Therefore, only a few European powers other than the Soviet Union before the war were the major players in the international political arena. After World War II, Britain and France were severely weakened due to the collapse of Germany, Italy and Japan. This essentially broke the pattern of international relations centered on the European balance of power and the relations between the United States and the Soviet Union became the core of the complicated international relations. In the war, there are two trends in international relations that attract the most attention. The first is the balance of power in the relations between the United States and the Soviet Union. The other is the British dependence on the United States. Both trends go through a series of international conferences and secret discussions