物权法立法过程中对农村宅基地上的房屋能否自由转让的问题存在重大争议。物权法最终并未对该问题做出直接规定,而现行最新规定仍然不允许自由转让。本文首先总结了我国学者对该问题的不同观点和理由;由于认为这些观点和理由缺乏系统性和较强的说服力,本文试用法律经济学分析政府监管制度的理论框架,从克服市场失灵问题、实现分配目标、出于父母式关爱主义和服务于利益集团私利四个方面的可能理由来系统地分析和解释我国现有的农村宅基地建房的限制流转制度。本文认为,现阶段的宅基地建房限制流转制度不利于保护公共利益,也不利于实现政府分配目标——保护农民利益,而放开该限制则将有利于农民利益和农村经济发展。 During the legislative process of the Real Right Law, there is a major controversy over whether houses on rural house sites can be freely transferred. Property law ultimately did not make direct provisions on the issue, while the current provisions of the current still do not allow free transfer. This paper first summarizes the different viewpoints and reasons of our country’s scholars on this issue. In view of the lack of systematic and strong persuasion of these views and reasons, this essay attempts to analyze the theoretical framework of the government regulatory system with legal economics. From the point of overcoming the problem of market failure, Realize the goal of distribution, systematically analyze and explain the restrictive transfer system of housing construction in rural areas in our country for the possible reasons of parental care and serving the private interests of interest groups. This paper argues that the system of restricting the flow of housing for housing sites at the present stage is not conducive to the protection of the public interest, nor is it conducive to achieving the goal of government distribution - protecting the interests of peasants. However, liberalizing this restriction will be beneficial to peasants’ interests and rural economic development.