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稻秆是重要的有机肥源和可再生资源,大量研究表明,稻秆还田可增加土壤有机质含量,改良土壤理化性质,疏松土质,降低土壤容重,促进大团粒结构的形成,增加土壤孔隙度,提高土壤的保水能力,调节土壤养分结构。腐熟度是决定稻秆还田效果的重要指标之一。如果腐熟的程度不够,就会造成土壤养分供应不足,还会产生还原性物质,加剧水稻苗期难发苗、易僵苗的现象,甚至造成减产。因而,调整稻秆直接还田后的腐解速率,使微生物对养分的利用避开作物养分需求高峰期,是稻秆还田研究中极为重要的问题。
Rice straw is an important source of organic fertilizers and renewable resources, a large number of studies have shown that straw returning to increase soil organic matter content, improve soil physical and chemical properties, loose soil, reduce soil bulk density, promote the formation of large aggregate structure, increase soil porosity , Improve soil water retention capacity, regulate soil nutrient structure. Maturity is one of the important indexes that determine the effect of rice straw returning to the soil. If the degree of maturity is not enough, it will cause insufficient supply of soil nutrients, but also produce reducing substances, exacerbating the rice seedling difficult seedling, easy to stiff seedling phenomenon, or even reduce production. Therefore, adjusting the decomposition rate of rice straw directly into the soil, so that the utilization of nutrients by microorganisms to avoid the peak crop demand for nutrients, rice straw research is extremely important issue.