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以1~7年生的银杏半同胞家系实生苗为材料,探讨超级苗选择的遗传基础和方法。结果表明:11~7年生苗的同龄个体间的苗高、地径均存在显著或极显著差异。21~3年生苗的同龄个体间苗高变异均大于地径变异,同时苗高较容易测定,因此1~3年生银杏超级苗选择宜以苗高为主,兼顾地径等形质指标。3随着苗龄的增加,苗高测定趋于不便且不能准确测量,而地径测量相对容易且准确度高,因此4年生及以上苗龄的超级苗选择宜以地径为主,兼顾苗高等形质指标。4基于苗高均值加上2倍标准差作为选择标准进行初选,兼顾地径等形质指标进行复选,最终在供试的64000株7个苗龄的银杏实生苗中选出超级苗共计1744株,平均入选率为2.8%;基于地径均值加上2倍标准差作为选择标准进行初选,兼顾苗高等形质指标进行复选,最终在供试的64000株7个苗龄的银杏实生苗中选出超级苗共计2732株,平均入选率为4.3%。选出的超级苗表现出较高的生长优势。
The germplasm of Ginkgo biloba half-sib family from 1 to 7 years old was used as material to investigate the genetic basis and method of selection of super shoots. The results showed that there was significant or extremely significant difference in seedling height and diameter between the same age individuals of 11-7 years old seedlings. The variation of seedling height between 21 and 3 year-old individuals of the same age was greater than the variation of the ground diameter, and the seedling height was easier to measure. Therefore, the selection of 1 to 3-year-old Ginkgo biloba seedlings should be mainly seedling height, 3 With the increase of seedling age, the determination of seedling height tends to be inconvenient and can not be accurately measured, and the measurement of ground diameter is relatively easy and with high accuracy. Therefore, the selection of super seedlings of 4 years old and above should be based on the diameter, Higher quality indicators. 4 based on the average height of the seedling plus 2 times the standard deviation as the primary criterion for selection criteria, taking into account the physical and chemical indicators such as ground diameter for the election, and ultimately in the test of 64000 7 seedlings of Ginkgo biloba seedlings selected super seedlings total 1744 strains with an average selection rate of 2.8%. Based on the mean value of ground diameter plus 2 times the standard deviation as the primary criterion for selection, taking into account the high quality indicators of seedling height and the final selection, 64000 seedlings of 7 seedlings of Ginkgo biloba Seedlings were selected super seed total of 2732 strains, the average selection rate was 4.3%. The selected super seedlings showed a higher growth advantage.