近年来，蜜蜂数量的大量减少导致全球养蜂业面临重要的经济损失，并对农业各个方面造成了严重后果。最新的研究表明肠道菌群与宿主的健康息息相关。综述了肠道菌群的种类和特性，阐述了肠道菌群在蜜蜂等昆虫健康中的调节作用及影响肠道菌群的因素，并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。“,”Recently,substantial reduction of honeybee numbers has led to big economic losses in apiculture industry worldwidely and brought about severe consequences in many areas of agriculture. The latest research findings indicated that gut microbiota was closely related to the health of the host. This paper reviewed the species and characteristic of honeybee gut microbiota, expounded the regulation function of gut microbiota in honeybee health and factors influencing gut microbiota. The paper also prospected the future research orientation.