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美国海洋与大气管理局(NOAA)的极地轨道环境卫星(POES)系列自20世纪80年代初便已具备实用的环境遥感能力。二十多年来,该卫星系列的仪器载荷虽然有所改变,但其仪器的基本组合及其传播的数据流基本上保持未变。在今后的5年中,通过与欧洲气象卫星(EUMETSAT)组织的合作,目前的计划将在许多方面有所演变,该合作项目名为初始联合极轨系统(IJPS)。最后,在国家极轨环境卫星系统(NPOESS)中,目前的系统将为新一代的宇宙飞船和仪器所取代。这样做虽然会增加对空间、光谱和时间的覆盖,但也会使那些通过直接广播接收数据的接收站受到影响,从而要求改变接收站的技术装备和用户的分析软件。虽然严格地说来由Terra和Aqua EOS平台运载的MODIS传感器并没有像NOAA极轨系列那样的“实用”意义,但它在许多方面却是未来系统的技术先驱,而能够接收并成功处理MODIS传感器数据的任何接收站和用户都完全有条件在技术设备、数据处理和分析等专业知识方面应付未来的应用系统.
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Polar Orbit Environmental Satellite (POES) series has had practical environmental remote sensing capabilities since the early 1980s. For more than two decades, the satellite family’s instrument load has changed, but the basic combination of instruments and the data stream it broadcast has remained largely unchanged. Over the next five years, the current plan will evolve in many ways through cooperation with the European Organization for Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), called the Initial Joint Polar System (IJPS). Finally, in the National Polar Orbit Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS), the current system will be replaced by a new generation of spacecraft and instruments. Although this will increase the coverage of space, spectrum and time, it will also affect receiving stations that receive data via direct broadcast, requiring changes in the receiving station’s technical equipment and user’s analysis software. While the strictly MODIS sensors carried by the Terra and Aqua EOS platforms are not as “pragmatic” as the NOAA polar-orbit series, they are, in many ways, pioneers of future systems capable of receiving and successfully processing Any receiving station and user of MODIS sensor data is fully qualified to cope with future applications in areas such as technical equipment, data processing and analysis expertise.