哺乳动物的大脑中存在两种主要的突触可塑性形式即:长时程增强(long-termpotentiation,LTP)和长时程抑制(long-term depression,LTD),分别以增强和减弱的突触联系强度为特征。在中枢神经系统中,由于LTD与学习记忆和各种病理改变等过程紧密相关而被广泛深入研究。大量的研究结果表明,LTD在某些学习记忆中发挥着重要的作用,特别是需要做出弹性响应的认知过程。本综述论述了LTD产生的各种可能机制,同时依据不同条件下诱发、表达和分子信号机制等将LTD进行了分类。此外,着重论述了不同生理和 There are two main forms of synaptic plasticity in mammalian brains: long-term depression (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), with increased and decreased synaptic connections Strength is characteristic. In the central nervous system, LTD is extensively studied due to its close relationship with learning and memory and various pathological changes. A large number of studies have shown that LTD plays an important role in some learning and memory, especially the cognitive process that needs to make flexible response. This review discusses the various mechanisms that LTD can produce and at the same time classifies LTDs based on induction, expression and molecular signaling under different conditions. In addition, the emphasis is on different physiology and physiology