从1978年开始,为了解决上千上万的下乡知识青年回城就业的问题,全国范围内的国营企业纷纷兴办集体企业,通称为“大集体”。在大集体诞生后的几年,为了安置待业子女,又开办了劳动服务公司。近几年来,许多企业通过合理劳动组合,将生产线上的富余人员精简下来,搭设新舞台,开发新产业,成立了全民职工身份不变的集体所有制性质的企业,俗称“厂中厂”。三种类 Since 1978, in order to solve the problem of thousands of young people returning to work in the countryside, the state-owned enterprises have set up collective enterprises one after another, known as the “big collective”. In the years following the birth of the large group, a labor service company was set up to accommodate the children who were still to be employed. In recent years, many companies have streamlined the surplus personnel on the production line through a rational labor mix, set up a new stage, developed new industries, and established a collective-owned enterprise with the status of a universal worker, commonly known as the “factory factory”. Three kinds