目的:探讨金属硫蛋白和黄酮对急性高剂量染铅大鼠代谢的影响。方法:25只Wistar大鼠随机分为MT组、黄酮组和依地酸二钠钙组(给予醋酸铅后再分别给予MT、黄酮和依地酸二钠钙)、染铅模型组和对照组。采集血液、股骨、粪便和尿液,分别用原子吸收分光光度法测定铅含量。结果:与对照组比较,染铅模型组大鼠血铅、股骨铅、粪铅及尿铅含量均显著升高(P<0.05)。与染铅模型组比较,MT组、黄酮组和依地酸二钠钙组血铅、股骨铅含量均下降(P<0.05),粪便排铅量明显增加(P<0.05);与依地酸二钠钙组比较,MT组和黄酮组尿液排铅量明显减少(P<0.05)。MT组和黄酮组大鼠血清ALT活力明显低于染铅模型组(P<0.05)。结论:MT和黄酮能够明显促进急性铅中毒大鼠排铅,主要通过粪便途径,且对肝脏有一定的保护作用。 Objective: To investigate the effects of metallothionein and flavonoids on the metabolism of acute high-dose lead-exposed rats. Methods: Twenty-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into MT group, flavone group and calcium edetate disodium group (MT, flavone and edetate disodium calcium respectively), lead-induced model group and control group. Blood, femur, feces and urine were collected, and the lead content was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results: Compared with the control group, the content of lead in blood, femur, lead, urine and lead in lead-exposed rats significantly increased (P <0.05). Compared with the model group, the levels of lead in the blood lead and femur in the MT group, the flavone group and the edetate calcium group decreased (P <0.05) and the lead excretion in the feces group increased significantly (P <0.05) In the sodium disodium group, the amount of lead excreted in the MT group and the flavone group decreased significantly (P <0.05). The serum ALT activity of MT group and flavonoid group was significantly lower than that of lead-exposed group (P <0.05). Conclusion: MT and flavonoids can significantly promote lead excretion in rats with acute lead poisoning, mainly through the fecal route, and have certain protective effects on the liver.