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目的研究湖北省不同级别医院重症监护室(ICU)患者的医院感染情况,为制定防控对策提供依据。方法通过资料调查,收集全省部分医院监测网点报告的资料进行统计分析。结果在2011年度全省29个监测网点共监测综合ICU住院患者18 706例,医院感染发生率为5.78%,病人日感染率为13.59‰。所监测的29所医院综合ICU,医院感染发生率最高者为37.78%,最低者为1.07%。感染因素调查表明,呼吸机相关性肺部感染率为28.24‰,导尿管插管相关性泌尿道感染率为1.57‰,中心静脉插管相关性血液感染率为1.26‰。感染部位以下呼吸道感染为主,引起呼吸道感染主要致病菌依次为鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。结论湖北省监测网点医院综合ICU医院感染发生率较高,3种导管相关感染为主要危险因素,应加强无菌操作、消毒隔离和基础护理等主要防控措施。
Objective To study the prevalence of nosocomial infections in intensive care unit (ICU) patients in different levels in Hubei Province, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control measures. Methods Through the data survey, we collected the data of some hospitals’ monitoring network in the province for statistical analysis. Results In 2011, 18 706 hospitalized ICU patients were monitored in 29 monitoring stations across the province. The incidence of nosocomial infection was 5.78%. The daily infection rate was 13.59 ‰. The ICU monitored in 29 hospitals, the highest incidence of nosocomial infection was 37.78%, the lowest was 1.07%. Infectious factors investigation showed that the ventilator-associated pulmonary infection rate was 28.24 ‰, urinary catheter intubation-related urinary tract infection rate was 1.57 ‰, and central venous catheter-related blood infection rate was 1.26 ‰. The main respiratory tract infections following infection were mainly Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion The incidence of nosocomial infections in integrated ICU hospitals in Hubei monitoring network hospitals is high. Three kinds of catheter-related infections are the main risk factors. Aseptic control, disinfection and isolation and basic nursing should be strengthened.