男性不育与精索静脉曲张(varicocele,VC)同为育龄男性常见疾病,并经常伴发,两者具有一定相关性。本文论述了男性不育患者中精索静脉曲张的发生率及精索静脉曲张对男性生育能力的影响机制。全面介绍了男性不育伴精索静脉曲张患者的治疗问题,主要包括手术治疗、非手术治疗及辅助生殖技术,重点介绍了精索静脉曲张的手术疗效、适应证、手术方法、预后及手术改善精液质量的机制。 Male infertility and varicocele (varicocele, VC) are common diseases of men of childbearing age, and often accompanied by a certain correlation between the two. This article discusses the incidence of varicocele in male infertility and the mechanism of varicocele on male fertility. This paper introduces the treatment of male infertility with varicocele, including surgical treatment, non-surgical treatment and assisted reproductive technology. It mainly introduces the surgical curative effect, indications, operation method, prognosis and surgical improvement of varicocele Semen quality mechanism.