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头颈部黏膜恶性黑色素瘤常发生于眼内、口腔、下咽、鼻腔鼻旁窦、鼻咽等部位。睫状体或脉络膜黏膜恶性黑色素瘤诊断基础是临床检查,CT,MRI,细针穿刺抽吸活检利于确诊,治疗方法为观察和局部治疗方法,如放疗、光照疗法、冷冻疗法、超声高温疗法、局部切除以及眼球摘除术。鼻腔鼻旁窦黏膜恶性黑色素瘤组织学检查是首要的诊断依据,治疗可采取:手术、化疗、免疫治疗、局部复发后采用包括外科手术切除、补充放疗、化疗、免疫治疗。口腔、鼻咽及下咽黏膜恶性黑色素瘤主要依据内窥镜及病理活检诊断,CT扫描及MRI检查利于明确病变范围及分期,可采用手术、放疗和化疗综合治疗。
Head and neck mucosal malignant melanoma often occurs in the eye, mouth, hypopharynx, nasal sinus, nasopharyngeal and other parts. Ciliary body or choroidal mucosal malignant melanoma diagnosis is based on clinical examination, CT, MRI, fine needle aspiration biopsy in diagnosis, treatment for observation and local treatment methods, such as radiotherapy, phototherapy, cryotherapy, ultrasound hyperthermia, Partial resection and enucleation. Nasal sinus surgery mucosal malignant melanoma histological examination is the primary basis for diagnosis, treatment can be taken: surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, including local recurrence after surgical excision, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy. Oral, nasopharyngeal and hypopharyngeal mucosal malignant melanoma mainly based on endoscopic and biopsy diagnosis, CT scan and MRI help to clarify the extent and stage of disease, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy can be combined.