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采用广东青皮冬瓜品种为材料,研究了冬瓜的生育周期。自种子萌动至果实成熟,分为种子发芽、幼苗,抽蔓和开花结果四个时期。发芽期约占全生育过程的10～15％,幼苗期占25～30％,抽蔓期占10～15％,开花结果期占45～50％。不同栽培季节的生育速度,主要受温度的影响。茎蔓与叶的生长特点是:每叶面积随着生长时期逐渐增大,即幼苗期发生的叶最小,抽蔓期发生的叶较大,开花结果期的叶最大。叶数与叶面积的增长与茎蔓生长相一致,发芽期和幼苗期生长缓慢,抽蔓期生长较快,开花结果期迅速生长,其中开花结果前期生长最迅速,中期仍迅速生长,后期不再增长,呈S形的生长曲线。果实发育开花至成熟一般为40～50天。果实长度和横径,果肉厚度的增长前期最大,中期其次,后期最小;果实重量的增长则前期慢,中期最快,后期仍较快。种子随着果实发育逐渐发育,充实和成熟。青皮冬瓜果实发育的特点,是发育期长,增长速度高,生长量大。果实发育与蔓叶生长密切相关,必须使蔓叶生长与果实发育保持平衡。
Guangdong Qingpi melon cultivars were used as materials to study the growth cycle of melon. Seeds germinate from maturity to fruit, divided into seed germination, seedlings, Suman and flowering four periods. The germination period accounts for about 10-15% of the whole growth process, the seedling period accounts for 25-30%, the flowering period accounts for 10-15% and the flowering period accounts for 45-50%. Fertility rates in different planting seasons are mainly affected by temperature. The growth characteristics of stems and leaves were as follows: Each leaf area increased gradually with growing period, that is, the leaflet occurred at the seedling stage was the smallest, the leaf occurred at the pumping stage was larger, and the leaf at the flowering stage was the largest. The growth of leaf number and leaf area was consistent with the growth of stems and vines. The growth rate was slow at germination and seedling stages, and grew rapidly at flowering and flowering stages. The flowering period was rapid at the early stage and rapidly at medium stage, Growth, a S-shaped growth curve. Fruit development and flowering to mature generally 40 to 50 days. Fruit length and diameter, the flesh thickness of the largest growth in the early, followed by the second, the late minimum; fruit weight growth is slow at the early, mid-term fastest, the latter is still fast. Seeds develop as fruit progresses, enriches and matures. Green peel melon fruit development characteristics, is a long development period, the growth rate of high growth. Fruit development is closely related to the growth of vine leaves, we must balance the growth of vine leaves and fruit development.