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目的了解农村中小学生食品安全认知行为现状及教育途径,为提高中小学生综合素质提供参考依据。方法采用分层随机抽样法,抽取黔东南州部分农村中小学共2 283名学生进行问卷调查,了解食品安全认知与行为现状及教育途径。结果 49.0%的农村中小学生知道“QS”标志,35.0%的学生认为吃了没有煮(炒)熟的四季豆不会中毒;44.2%的学生根据“QS”标志购买食品,51.8%的学生不在校园周边无证摊贩处购买食物,49.1%的学生发现过期食品会向商品经营者退还该食品;中学生在食品安全认知方面的比例高于小学生,但消费时的自我保护和生活卫生习惯方面的比例低于小学生(P值均<0.05)。76.1%的学校进行食品安全教育的主要途径是由教师告诉学生相关知识;小学在教师告诉学生、知识竞答、广播及课上师生的讨论等食品安全教育途径方面的比例均高于中学(P值均<0.05)。结论黔东南州农村中小学生的食品安全认知与行为水平有待加强,农村中小学要重视并通过丰富多彩的活动加强食品安全教育。
Objective To understand the status quo and education ways of food safety cognition in primary and middle school students in rural areas and provide references for improving the overall quality of primary and middle school students. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to survey a total of 2,283 students from some rural primary and secondary schools in Qiandongnan Prefecture to investigate the current situation and educational approaches of food safety awareness and behavior. Results 49.0% of the rural primary and middle school students knew the “QS” sign, 35.0% of the students thought that they would not be poisoned if they had not cooked the cooked green beans; 44.2% of the students purchased the food under the “QS” sign, 51.8 % Did not buy food at unlicensed vendors around the campus, and 49.1% found that the expired food would be returned to the merchandiser. The proportion of middle school students in food safety awareness was higher than that of primary school students, but self-protection and living expenses Health habits than the proportion of pupils (P value <0.05). 76.1% of the schools conducted food safety education mainly by asking teachers about the knowledge of their students; the proportion of primary education in food safety education such as teachers ’telling students, knowledge contest, radio and teachers and students’ discussion was higher than that of secondary schools P <0.05). Conclusion The awareness and behavior of food safety among rural primary and secondary school students in Qiandongnan need to be strengthened. Rural primary and secondary schools should pay attention to and strengthen food safety education through a variety of activities.