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为评估增殖放流对日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)群体遗传多样性的影响,本研究分析了放流前捕捞渔获群体(FLQ)、放流后捕捞渔获群体(FLH)以及放流虾苗群体(FLXX)的遗传多样性水平。3个群体共测定了135尾日本囊对虾的线粒体D-loop序列,经比对分析确定测得的序列长度为938 bp,检测到237个变异位点,177个简约信息位点,定义了100种单倍型。经分析,核苷酸多样性指数由大到小依次为FLQ、FLH、FLXX,单倍型多样性指数大小为FLQ=FLH>FLXX。AMOVA分析表明FLQ和FLH群体的遗传分化系数(F_(st))值为0.00629,其小于0.05,表明变异主要来自于群体内,且群体间无分化。FLH与FLXX的F_(st)值为0.08151(P<0.01),其大于0.05,表明遗传变异大多发生在群体内,但群体间呈低度分化。Tajima’s D和Fu’s Fs中性检验结果均为负值,表明这3个群体偏离了中性模式,可能受到群体扩张和自然选择的作用。综上所述,增殖放流前后日本囊对虾群体均保持较高的遗传多样性水平,变异不存在显著性差异,且群体间无分化,说明增殖放流是目前维持日本囊对虾种质资源量较为有效的措施之一。
In order to assess the effects of multiplication and release on the genetic diversity of Japanese marsupial shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus), the present study analyzed the effects of FLQ, FLH and FLXX, The level of genetic diversity. The mitochondrial D-loop sequences of 135 Japanese shrimp were assayed by 3 populations. The length of the sequence was 938 bp, 237 alleles were detected and 177 parsimony informative sites were defined, and 100 Haploid haplotypes. After analysis, the nucleotide diversity index descending order FLQ, FLH, FLXX, haplotype diversity index size FLQ = FLH> FLXX. AMOVA analysis showed that the coefficient of genetic differentiation (F st (st)) of FLQ and FLH populations was 0.00629, which was less than 0.05, indicating that the variation mainly came from within the population with no differentiation among the populations. The F st (st) value of FLH and FLXX was 0.08151 (P <0.01), which was greater than 0.05, indicating that most of the genetic variation occurred in the population, but the population was poorly differentiated. Neutrality test results of Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs are negative, indicating that the three groups deviate from the neutral mode and may be affected by population expansion and natural selection. In summary, the population of P. capsici maintained high genetic diversity before and after multiplication and release, there was no significant difference in variation, and no differentiation between populations, indicating that multiplication and release are the most effective ways to maintain the quality of P. japonicum germplasm One of the measures.