位于乌裕尔河上游的北安市，原本是黑土地覆盖，土质肥沃，是国家重要的商品粮基地。但由于自然因素和人为因素的共同作用，长期的过度开垦和使用土地资源，致使该地区水土流失加剧，生态环境恶化，影响了农业的可持续发展。针对该地区水土流失的现状进行了分析，指出了水土流失的原因、危害，提出了相应的水土保持对策。 Bei’an, located in the upper reaches of the Wuyuar River, originally covered by black soil and fertile soil, is an important commodity grain base in the country. However, due to the combination of natural and man-made factors, over-reclamation and land use over the long term have led to aggravated soil and water loss and deterioration of the ecological environment in the region, affecting the sustainable development of agriculture. According to the analysis of the present situation of soil and water loss in this area, the reasons and the harm of soil and water loss are pointed out, and the corresponding measures of soil and water conservation are put forward.