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随着经济全球化的深入发展,自由经济区在推动国民经济总体发展战略实施与经济体制改革、促进区域经济和城市化发展等方面发挥了重要作用。20世纪60年代,台湾建立了世界上第一个正式以“出口加工区”命名的经济型特区,通过不断转型升级推动了台湾的工业化和社会经济发展。本文通过文献归纳,总结了台湾经历的“出口加工区—科学工业园区—自由贸易港—自由经济示范区”四个发展阶段的特点;从目标、政策法规、管理、产业和空间结构入手,归纳出台湾自由经济区的形成演化规律;并认为要素、产业、效益、创新、政策、市场、环境各动力因素相互作用,构成推动其演化的动力机制。本研究对完善自由经济区形成演化理论探索和国内自贸区建设具有一定参考意义。
With the further development of economic globalization, the free economic zone has played an important role in promoting the implementation of the overall development strategy of the national economy and the reform of the economic system, as well as promoting the development of regional economy and urbanization. In the 1960s, Taiwan established the world’s first special economic zone named after its “export processing zone” and promoted Taiwan’s industrialization and social and economic development through continuous transformation and upgrading. This article summarizes the characteristics of Taiwan’s four stages of development such as “Export Processing Zone - Science Industrial Park - Free Trade Port - Free Economic Demonstration Zone” through literature review. From the goals, policies and regulations, management, industry and space structure The author summarizes the formation and evolution of the free economic zone in Taiwan. It also believes that the interaction of the dynamic factors of factors, industries, benefits, innovation, policies, markets and the environment constitute the driving force for their evolution. This study is of some reference to perfect the theory of the formation and evolution of free economic zones and to build the domestic free trade zone.