较多体外实验及临床研究结果均提示人巨细胞病毒感染与血管损伤相关,本综述将对其可能的分子机制进行初步阐述,主要包括氧化应激、信号转导及免疫炎症反应。病毒与宿主通过上述机制相互作用,多种因子及细胞参与其中,影响血管内皮细胞及平滑肌细胞的存活、增生及凋亡,导致血管结构及功能发生病理性改变,进而引发或加重多种心血管疾病。 More in vitro and clinical studies suggest that human cytomegalovirus infection is associated with vascular injury. This review will describe the possible molecular mechanisms, including oxidative stress, signal transduction and immune inflammation. The virus interacts with the host through these mechanisms, a variety of factors and cells involved, affecting the survival of vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, proliferation and apoptosis, resulting in pathological changes in vascular structure and function, which in turn lead to or aggravate a variety of cardiovascular disease.