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目的探讨职业相关因素对深圳市女性外来务工者职业紧张的影响。方法采用职业紧张问卷(OSI-R)和自行设计的与职业相关的一般资料问卷对深圳两大型企业(员工达4000人以上)的非深户、工作达3个月以上的女员工共2000人按照随机抽取的方法进行问卷调查。结果深圳女性外来务工者职业任务较重及很重者占16.0%,个体紧张反应较高及很高者占15.0%,缺乏应对资源及明显缺乏应对资源者占15.6%。深圳女性外来务工者个体紧张反应的影响因素为工作环境、责任感、任务冲突、任务模糊、任务过重、娱乐休闲,其中工作环境为主要影响因素。结论工作环境对深圳女性外来务工者个体紧张反应影响最大,政府和企业应针对影响因素采取干预措施缓解职业紧张。
Objective To explore the influence of occupational factors on the occupational stress of female migrant workers in Shenzhen. Methods Using OSI-R and self-designed general information questionnaire about occupation, 2000 female employees who work for more than 3 months in Shenzhen’s two large-scale enterprises (more than 4000 employees) According to the method of random sampling questionnaire. Results Female migrant workers in Shenzhen had heavier and heavier occupations and accounted for 16.0%, individuals with higher and higher proportion of stressors accounted for 15.0%, lack of coping resources and obviously lack of coping resources accounted for 15.6%. The main influencing factors of personal tension in Shenzhen female migrant workers are working environment, sense of responsibility, task conflict, ambiguous tasks, over-arching tasks, entertainment and leisure activities, among which the working environment is the main factor. Conclusion The work environment has the greatest impact on the individual nervous reaction of female migrant workers in Shenzhen. The government and enterprises should take intervention measures to alleviate the occupational stress according to the influencing factors.