本文简要分析了当前世界和我国核能发展的趋向和特点,说明核能发展虽因三里岛和切尔诺贝利核电站的重大事故而受到严重挫折,但仍表现出持续增长的趋势,并沿着更安全、更经济和综合利用的路途,在向新一代中、小型堆和未来快中子增殖堆、聚变堆的方向发展,核能将逐渐成为21世纪的世界主要能源. This paper briefly analyzes the current world and the trends and characteristics of nuclear energy development in our country. It shows that though nuclear energy development has suffered serious setbacks due to the major accidents at Three Mile Island and Chernobyl nuclear power stations, it still shows a trend of sustained growth. Safe, economical and comprehensive utilization of nuclear energy in the direction of a new generation of small and medium-sized reactors and future fast breeder reactors and fusion reactors. Nuclear energy will gradually become the world’s major energy source in the 21st century.