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对药用硫化汞的形态结构、理化性质、含量测定及药效毒理学进行了归纳,查阅了国内外文献30篇,探讨了药用硫化汞中汞元素的体内存在形态、体内含量对其毒性的影响。研究发现,朱砂、银朱等药物中的硫化汞为具旋光性的红色结晶,在体外的存在形式通常是不溶于水的Hg2+,还有一部分可溶性的Hg2+,Hg+,含汞药物产生毒性的原因主要是其中的可溶性汞,而主要成分是硫化汞的药物,如朱砂,在肠道中可能以汞与硫各种形式的配合物存在,多硫化汞配合物是其中的一种重要形式,多硫化汞的形式降低了游离汞的含量,毒性降低。药效毒理的研究发现,含汞药物的临床用量一般情况下不会引起中毒。实践表明,通过采取现代分析手段制定相应规范,可以在保证药效的基础上,提高含汞药物的安全性。
The morphological structure, physicochemical properties, content determination and pharmacodynamics toxicology of medicinal mercuric sulfide were summarized, and 30 literatures were reviewed in domestic and foreign literatures. The existing forms of mercuric sulfide in medicinal mercuric sulfide and the toxicity of in vivo content were discussed Impact. The study found that mercuric sulfide in cinnabar, Yinzhu and other drugs is an optically active red crystal. In vitro, the existing form is usually water-insoluble Hg2 +, and some soluble Hg2 +, Hg + and mercury-containing drugs cause toxicity Mainly soluble mercury, and the main ingredient is mercuric sulfide drugs, such as cinnabar, in the intestine may exist in various forms of mercury and sulfur complexes, mercuric polysulfide complexes is one of the important forms of polysulfidation The form of mercury reduces the level of free mercury and reduces its toxicity. Pharmacological toxicology study found that the clinical dosage of mercury-containing drugs under normal circumstances will not cause poisoning. Practice shows that through the adoption of modern analytical tools to develop the corresponding norms, can ensure efficacy, based on the safety of mercury-containing drugs.