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目的分析重庆市结核分枝杆菌(Mtb)和人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染双向筛查情况,为Mtb/HIV双重感染(简称“双感”)防治工作提供科学依据和改进建议。方法整理2012-2014年重庆市39个区县级结核病防治机构的双重感染防治管理工作年度报表资料,使用卡方检验对HIV感染者和艾滋病(AIDS)患者的结核病(TB)筛查率、TB检出率、TB患者的HIV抗体检测率和HIV抗体阳性检出率的年度变化趋势进行分析。结果 (1)2012-2014年重庆市HIV/AIDS人群的TB筛查率呈显著上升趋势(χ2趋势=444.035,P<0.01)。TB检出率呈显著下降趋势(χ2趋势=19.185,P<0.01)。(2)TB患者接受HIV抗体检测率呈上升趋势(χ2趋势=161.399,P<0.01),HIV阳性检出率未见显著变化(χ2趋势=0.041,P=0.839)。结论 Mtb/HIV双向筛查是发现TB/HIV双感患者的有效途径。因此,积极开展有针对性的Mtb/HIV双向筛查工作,提高双感患者发现率和治愈率,才能有效控制TB/HIV双感疫情。
Objective To analyze the two-way screening of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Chongqing and provide scientific basis and suggestions for the prevention and control of Mtb / HIV dual infection. Methods The data of tuberculosis (TB) screening rate, tuberculosis (TB) screening rate of HIV-infected persons and AIDS patients were analyzed by chi-square test from 2012 to 2014, The detection rate, the detection rate of HIV antibody in TB patients and the trend of HIV antibody positive detection rate were analyzed. Results (1) The TB screening rate of HIV / AIDS population in Chongqing increased significantly from 2012 to 2014 (χ2 trend = 444.035, P <0.01). TB detection rate showed a significant downward trend (χ2 trend = 19.185, P <0.01). (2) The detection rate of HIV antibody in TB patients showed an upward trend (χ2 trend = 161.399, P <0.01). There was no significant change in HIV positive rate (χ2 trend = 0.041, P = 0.839). Conclusion Two-way screening of Mtb / HIV is an effective way to find TB / HIV dual-sense patients. Therefore, actively carrying out the targeted two-way screening of Mtb / HIV to improve the detection rate and cure rate of dual infection patients can effectively control the TB / HIV dual infection.