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用光学显微镜、TEM和SEM研究了镍含量对30CrNiMoV钢的显微组织及其亚结构的影响。测定了钢的室温强度,低温强度(233～77K)和钢的解理断裂强度;测定了钢的CVA_K。结果表明:镍细化钢的奥氏体晶粒,引起钢的低温软化,提高钢的解理断裂强度,从而使钢的低温韧性得到改善。从断裂物理角度讨论了钢的强韧化中一些主要问题,从而在力学参量与显微组织参量之间建立了一些模式关系。
The effects of nickel content on the microstructure and substructure of 30CrNiMoV steel were studied by optical microscope, TEM and SEM. The room temperature strength, low temperature strength (233 ~ 77K) and cleavage fracture strength of steel were measured. The CVA_K of steel was measured. The results show that austenite grain refinement of nickel steel causes low temperature softening of steel and improves the cleavage strength of steel so that the low temperature toughness of steel is improved. From the point of view of fracture physics, some main problems of strengthening and toughening of steel are discussed, and some mode relations between mechanical parameters and microstructure parameters are established.