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目的探讨分析HIV/AIDS合并结核病的临床特征,提高该病的临床诊断率。方法选取罗山县疾病预防控制中心2005年6月~2014年6月收治并确诊为HIV/AIDS合并结核病患者45例为观察组,随机选取同期被确诊为单纯性结核病患者45例作为对照组,回顾性分析两组患者的临床资料。结果观察组患者结核性胸膜炎诊断阳性率低于对照组,淋巴结核的高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者临床症状中发热、体重下降的发生率明显高于对照组,咳嗽、胸闷的发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肺结核的CT检查为观察组患者空洞发生率低于对照组患者,纵膈淋巴结肿大率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组痰涂片抗酸杆菌培养阳性率高于对照组,但组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物(PPD)检测阳性率低对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 HIV/AIDS合并结核病临床特征不明显。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of HIV / AIDS complicated with tuberculosis and to improve the clinical diagnosis rate of the disease. Methods Forty-five patients with HIV / AIDS with tuberculosis admitted to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Luoshan County from June 2005 to June 2014 were selected as the observation group. 45 cases of patients with simple tuberculosis diagnosed during the same period were randomly selected as the control group, The clinical data of two groups of patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results The positive rate of tuberculous pleurisy in observation group was lower than that of control group and lymph node tuberculosis, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The incidence of fever and weight loss in clinical symptoms of observation group was significantly higher The incidence of cough and chest tightness in the control group was lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The CT examination of tuberculosis was lower in the observation group than in the control group, and the rate of mediastinal lymph node enlargement was high In the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); observation group sputum smear acid-fast bacilli culture positive rate was higher than the control group, but there was no significant difference between groups (P> 0.05); observation group patients with tuberculosis The positive rate of pure protein derivative (PPD) was lower in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion The clinical features of HIV / AIDS combined tuberculosis are not obvious.