(一)本文共研究了180具(360侧)童尸的膈神经与副膈神经。其中男尸100具,女尸80具。尸龄都在2—8岁左右。(二)膈神经主要起源于第4,5颈神经或第4颈神经。性差与侧差不显著。在与锁骨下静脉关系中,超大多数(95.8%)经过静脉之后,与一般解剖学教本所记述者相符合。(三)副膈神经的出现率在180具尸体中高达73.8%,比国内资料为高(如按侧数计则为56.9%)。亦无显著性差与侧差,因而非常值得外科学家们的注意。(四)各侧副膈神经的支数并不一致。少者仅有一条,多者可达四条。但以一条为最多,占76.1%;三条以上者少,仅占3.4%。副膈神经在三条以上者,在现有文献中甚为罕见。(五)副膈神经的起源从第3到第5、6颈神经都有,且有少数发自舌下神经襻及肩胛上神经。其中与锁骨下神经以一共同干发自第5、6或第5颈神经者为数最多,占42.0%,与国内外资料多相符合;但在起始范围上又比其他资料为广泛。同时说明副膈神经与臂丛的关系要比与颈丛的关系更为密切。(六)副膈神经与膈种经主干的位置关系可分三类:多数位于主干外侧(83.6%),少数位于主干内侧(8.8%)及先在主干外侧,交叉后到主干内侧(7.6%)。副膈神经与膈神经迟早必将合并为一,但连结点之高低不一;多数属于低位连结(锁骨下静脉之下),占56.3%;其次属于高位连结(锁骨下静脉之上),占35.9%;中位连结者(锁骨下静脉之后)最少,占7.8%。(七)统计材料证明,副膈神经的起源与主干之间的连结关系及其位置联属有一定的规律性。其中起源于臂丛及其属支者,都位于主干外侧,并多成低位连结。起源于颈丛及其属支者,大都位于主干内侧,并多成高位连结。起源于颈丛下部及臂丛上部者,则似倾向于中位连结,且先在主干外侧,交叉后再到主干内侧。(八)副膈神经之与锁骨下静脉有关系者,绝大多数经过静脉之前。副膈神经与静脉的关系,也有多种不同形式。(九)根据膈神经与副膈神经的支数多少,可归纳成五个类型:第一型一支,即膈神经本身。第二型二支,即膈神经与副膈神经各一支。第三型三支,即膈神经一支,副膈神经二支。第四型四支,即膈神经一支,副膈神经三支。第五型五支,即膈神经一支,副膈神经四支。五型中以第一型(占43.1%)与第二型(占43.3%)最多,均可列为国人之标准型。各型的一般情况及若干变异特例,均用图表加以说明。 (A) A total of 180 (360 side) children’s phrenic and phrenic nerve were studied in this study. One male body 100, 80 female bodies. Corpse age is about 2-8 years old. (B) phrenic nerve mainly originated in 4,5 or 4 cervical nerve. Poor sex and lateral difference is not significant. In the relationship with the subclavian vein, the vast majority (95.8%) passed through the veins and was consistent with the anatomy described in the general anatomy. (C) The incidence of phrenic nerve was as high as 73.8% among 180 bodies, higher than the national data (56.9% if calculated according to the number of sides). Nor significant difference and spread, which is very worthy of attention of surgeons. (D) The number of phrenic nerve on both sides of the count is not consistent. Only one less, up to four more. However, one is the most, accounting for 76.1%; those with more than three are less, accounting for only 3.4%. The phrenic nerve in more than three, in the existing literature is very rare. (E) the origin of the phrenic nerve from the third to the fifth and sixth cervical nerves, and a small number from the lingual nerve plexus and suprascapular nerve. Among them, the most common one with the subclavian nerve was a common dry hair from the 5th, 5th or 5th cervical nerves, accounting for 42.0%, which was more consistent with the data at home and abroad; however, it was more extensive than other data in the starting range. At the same time shows the relationship between the phrenic nerve and brachial plexus and cervical plexus more closely. (6) There are three types of the relationship between the phrenic nerve and the phrenic nerve via the trunk: the majority are located on the lateral trunk (83.6%), the majority are located on the medial trunk (8.8%) and the exoskeleton trunk, ). The phrenic nerve and the phrenic nerve are bound to merge sooner or later, but the level of the junctions varies; most of them belong to the lower link (subclavian vein), accounting for 56.3%; followed by the high link (subclavian vein), accounting for 35.9%; the median link (after the subclavian vein) the least, accounting for 7.8%. (Vii) Statistical data to prove that the relationship between the origin of the phrenic nerve and the trunk of the relationship between the location and affiliation have a certain regularity. Which originated in the brachial plexus and its branches, are located outside the trunk, and more into a low link. Originated in the cervical plexus and its branches, mostly located in the trunk inside, and more into high links. Originated in the lower part of the cervical plexus and brachial plexus who is likely to tend to the median connection, and first outside the trunk, after the cross to the trunk inside. (H) of the phrenic nerve and the subclavian vein related, the vast majority of before the vein. Vice phrenic nerve and vein relationship, there are many different forms. (9) According to the number of phrenic nerve and phrenic nerve branch count, can be grouped into five types: the first type, the phrenic nerve itself. The second type two, phrenic nerve and phrenic nerve each one. The third type, that is, a phrenic nerve, phrenic nerve two. The fourth type four, one phrenic nerve, phrenic nerve three. The fifth five, that is, a phrenic nerve, phrenic nerve four. Among the five types, the first type (43.1%) and the second type (43.3%) most can be listed as the standard type of Chinese. The general situation of the various types and special cases, are used to illustrate the chart.