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目的研究深圳市龙岗区蚊虫流行性乙型脑炎病毒自然感染状况,为预测该地区乙脑发病趋势及流行强度,制定有效预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用灯诱法捕捉蚊虫标本并进行分类鉴定,以JEV的NS3基因区段设计特异引物,通过实时荧光RT-PCR(real-timeRT-PCR)对蚊虫中流行性乙型脑炎病毒进行检测,阳性标本经测序后再在GenBank中进行核苷酸序列的同源性比对。结果捕获的蚊虫隶属3属5种,致倦库蚊是优势蚊种;1533只蚊虫分成25批,从3批致倦库蚊标本中检出JEV核酸阳性,阳性率为12%。阳性标本与GenBank中报道的JEV参考株间相应的核苷酸序列同源性达99%以上,均属于JEVⅠ型病毒。结论龙岗区存在着蚊虫自然感染JEV,致倦库蚊是区内乙脑传播的主要蚊媒,有流行人间和畜间流行性乙型脑炎的潜在危险,提示应进一步完善疫苗接种和免疫监测,积极开展消除蚊虫孳生地,灭蚊、防蚊工作,以控制和切断乙脑传播途径。
Objective To study the natural infection status of Japanese encephalitis virus in Longgang District, Shenzhen, and to provide a scientific basis for predicting the trend and prevalence of Japanese encephalitis in this area and establishing effective prevention and control measures. Methods The mosquito specimens were captured by light-induced method and classified. The specific primers were designed based on the NS3 gene of JEV. The detection of Japanese encephalitis virus by real-time RT-PCR, Positive samples were sequenced and then aligned in GenBank for nucleotide sequence homology. Results The captured mosquitoes belonged to 5 genera of 3 genera, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus was the dominant mosquito species, and 1533 mosquitoes were divided into 25 batches. The positive rate of JEV nucleic acid was detected in 3 specimens of Culex quinquefasciatus, the positive rate was 12%. The nucleotide sequence homology between the positive samples and JEV reference strains reported in GenBank was more than 99%, which belonged to JEV type I virus. Conclusion The mosquitoes naturally infected with JEV in Longgang district were found. Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus was the main mosquito vector for the transmission of Japanese encephalitis in the area, with potential risks of epidemic encephalitis in humans and domestic animals, suggesting that vaccination and immune monitoring should be further perfected , Actively carry out the elimination of mosquito breeding places, mosquito control, mosquito control to control and cut off the route of transmission of Japanese encephalitis.