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基于自建的商务英语语料库,我们探讨了垂直隐喻的总体模式、语义投射及语法特点,发现93%以上构成垂直概念的“UP”、“DOWN”都发生了隐喻投射,大部分隐喻意义中,都有概念隐喻“Up is good”、“Down is bad”的痕迹。投射的目的域集中在状态、数量、社会等级及时间等语义域,其中状态域占投射总数的62%以上。此外,垂直隐喻的意义生成有时涉及两次以上的、先隐喻后转喻的投射过程。垂直隐喻的语法表征以副词和介词为主,与其它成分构成复合词时,还可以是名词、动词和形容词,但为数极少。
Based on the self-built business English corpus, we explore the overall model, semantic projection and grammatical features of vertical metaphor. We find that more than 93% of the vertical metaphorical “UP” and “DOWN” In metaphorical sense, there are traces of conceptual metaphors “Up is good ”, “Down is bad ”. Projection of the target area is concentrated in the state, quantity, social rank and time domain, which accounted for more than 62% of the total number of states. In addition, the generation of vertical metaphorical meaning sometimes involves more than two metaphorical metaphorical projection processes. Grammatical representations of vertical metaphors are predominantly adverbs and prepositions, and when composing compound words with other components, they can be nouns, verbs and adjectives, but their number is extremely small.