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草原生态保护补奖政策是建国以来国家投入规模最大、涉及面最广的一项新策,预期也将是长期实施的一项保护草原生态最重要的政策措施。本研究从宏观视角,分析了草原生态保护补奖政策的实施对草原生产力和生态保护、牧业产出、牧民收入的作用效应。结果显示,草原生态保护补奖政策实施后,天然草原产草量、草原理论载畜量有所增加,天然草原平均牲畜超载率明显下降,全国草原综合植被盖度总体呈上升趋势;牛出栏及牛肉产量呈波动态势,羊存栏、羊出栏、羊肉产量、奶产量均有不同程度增加;农牧民人均纯收入、牧业收入、牧业收入比重均高于政策实施前水平。
Since the founding of our country, the policy of awarding grassland ecosystem protection is the largest and most extensive new policy in the world. It is also expected that it will be the most important policy measure for the protection of grassland ecology. In the macro perspective, this study analyzed the effect of the implementation of the policy of grassland eco-protection subsidy on grassland productivity, ecological protection, animal husbandry output and herdsman’s income. The results showed that after the implementation of the policy of grassland ecological protection and compensation, the grassland natural grassland carrying capacity and grassland theory carrying capacity increased while the average natural grassland overloading rate of natural grassland decreased significantly, while the overall grassland comprehensive vegetation coverage increased overall; cattle slaughter and The yield of beef showed a fluctuating trend. The population of sheep and sheep, the yield of mutton and the amount of milk increased in varying degrees. The per capita net income, pastoral income and animal husbandry income of farmers and herdsmen were all higher than those before the policy implementation.