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为阐明灌溉水矿化度对葡萄叶片枯萎、干枯的影响,对新疆鄯善县成龄葡萄地的葡萄叶片黄化、褐变干枯、穗粒脱落等现象进行现场勘察,采集地下水样品进行测试,并结合扫描电镜检测病毒分析其原因。结果表明,该地区渠水和井水矿化度均较高;两块地葡萄发生的叶缘、叶尖黄化、焦枯,穗粒脱落等现象主要是由于浇灌地下井水引起的盐害所致。葡萄植株受到盐害时生长势减弱,病毒也会引起葡萄叶缘皱缩、褐变向下卷等加重危害。在鄯善县部分葡萄种植区域,以常规灌溉方式,用地下水灌溉1次就会产生1~2级盐害,应引起重视。
In order to clarify the effect of irrigation water salinity on withering and drying of grapevine leaves, site investigation was made on grape leaf yellowing, browning, spike detachment and other phenomena in the grapes of Shanshan County in Xinjiang. Groundwater samples were collected and tested. Combined with scanning electron microscopy to detect the causes of the virus. The results showed that the drainage and well water salinity were high in this area. The occurrence of leaf edge, yellowing, scorching and spike detachment occurred in the two grapes mainly due to salt damage caused by underground water injection To Grape plants salt by the growth potential weakened, the virus will cause grape leaf edge shrinkage, browning to the next volume and other hazards. In Shanshan County, part of the grape growing area, by conventional irrigation methods, irrigation with groundwater will produce a 1 to 2 salt damage, should be taken seriously.