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目的:通过水体及海水产品的霍乱弧菌监测,及时发现疫情传播来源,以有效控制霍乱疫情的发生。方法:采集各类海水产品分离培养霍乱弧菌,采用血清学、嗜菌体生物分型、药物敏感试验和分子生物学方法对不同来源的菌株进行鉴定。结果:2006年-2009年共分离出75株霍乱弧菌,其中小川型霍乱弧菌17株,稻叶型霍乱弧菌48株,O139群霍乱弧菌5株,首次分离出彦岛型霍乱弧菌5株。75株霍乱弧菌中仅3株O139群霍乱弧菌携带霍乱肠毒素(ctxA),其余菌株均为非流行株或非产毒株。药敏结果显示,除对氟哌酸、阿米卡星、环丙沙星、头孢他啶和头孢噻吩五种抗生素未产生耐药外,对庆大、复方新诺明、呋喃妥因、四环素、氨苄青霉素、强力霉素、氯霉素、链霉素和磺胺9种抗生素均产生不同程度的耐药。结论:广西外环境存在霍乱弧菌,但以非流行株或非产毒株为主,不同型别存在不同程度耐药性,未引起霍乱疫情的发生。
OBJECTIVE: To monitor the source of epidemic situation through the monitoring of Vibrio cholerae in water and sea products in order to effectively control the occurrence of cholera epidemic. Methods: Vibrio cholerae were isolated and cultured in all kinds of seawater products. Serological and phage typing, drug sensitivity test and molecular biology were used to identify strains from different sources. Results: 75 strains of Vibrio cholera were isolated from 2006 to 2009, including 17 strains of Vibrio cholerae Ochigawa, 48 strains of Vibrio cholerae and 5 strains of Vibrio cholerae O139. 5 strains of bacteria. Of the 75 strains of V. cholerae, only 3 strains of V. cholerae O139 carried ctxA, and the rest of the strains were either non-epidemic or non-virulent. Susceptibility results showed that in addition to the norfloxacin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime and cefalotin five antibiotics did not produce resistance, the Qingda, cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin, tetracycline, ampicillin, Doxycycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin and sulfa nine kinds of antibiotics have different levels of resistance. Conclusion: Vibrio cholerae exist in the external environment of Guangxi, but mainly non-epidemic strains or non-toxic strains. Different types of Vibrio cholerae exist in different degrees of resistance and do not cause cholera epidemic.