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国内外已有相关文献忽视了农户施用农药效率问题,采取了不恰当的农药损失控制生产函数形式。本研究考虑了农户个体农药施用效率,将农户施用农药效率变量引入农药损失控制生产函数,采用来自江苏省的396个稻农调研数据进行实证研究。研究结果表明,考虑施药效率的模型比不考虑施药效率的LZ模型更加显著,同时通过比较发现LZ模型有低估农药边际产品净收益的倾向,从而错误地将部分样本判断为过量施药,这说明农户施药效率是不可忽略的重要变量。另外,劳均水稻种植规模、水稻商品化率、农户受教育程度、农业劳动力老龄化程度等变量对农户施药效率具有重要影响。
Relevant literatures at home and abroad have ignored the peasant household’s efficiency of pesticide application and adopted an improper production function form of pesticide loss control. In this study, the efficiency of individual pesticide application was considered. The efficiency of pesticide application by farmers was introduced into the control function of pesticide loss control. Empirical studies were conducted on 396 rice-farming survey data from Jiangsu Province. The results show that the model considering the efficiency of pesticide application is more significant than the LZ model without considering the efficiency of pesticide application. At the same time, it is found that the LZ model has the tendency to underestimate the net income of pesticide marginal products, This shows that pesticide application efficiency is an important variable that can not be ignored. In addition, the variables such as the scale of rice cultivation in Laoshan, the rate of rice commodityization, the education level of rural households and the degree of aging of agricultural labor force have an important impact on the pesticide application efficiency of farmers.