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【目的】了解广东省惠州市居民大肠癌流行状况,为预防和治疗大肠癌提供科学依据。【方法】采取的调查方法:①问卷调查:样本区常住全人口接受问卷调查,内容参考李世荣和郑树的调查表,以确定高危人群和症状人群;②粪隐血试验:样本区常住全人口进行免疫法粪隐血试验(胶体金检测试纸法);③全大肠镜检查:高危人群、症状人群和粪隐血试验阳性者接受全大肠镜检查;④大肠癌登记报告:样本区医院建立大肠癌诊断和死亡登记报告制度;⑤样本区建立人口死亡原因登记制度:公安部门完成。【结果】样本区常住全人口共50 552人,实际调查人数33 921人,普查应答率为67.10%:粪隐血阳性1 521例,阳性率4.48%。需内镜检查1 920人,实际镜检1 465人,镜检应答率为76.30%。镜检结果:大肠癌4例、大肠腺瘤89例、其他息肉308例、细菌性痢疾11例、阿米巴痢疾5例、结肠孤立性溃疡3例、结肠黑变病2例、结肠憩室2例、溃疡性结肠炎1例、痔疮129例、肛裂3例。【结论】样本区大肠癌患病率为15.46/10万。
【Objective】 To understand the prevalence of colorectal cancer among residents in Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. 【Methods】 Survey methods adopted: ① Questionnaire: The total resident population in the sample area was surveyed by questionnaire, referring to the questionnaire by Li Shirong and Zheng Shu to determine the high-risk population and the symptom population; ② Occult blood test: Immune colon fecal occult blood test (colloidal gold test strip method); ③ colonoscopy: high-risk groups, the symptoms of colds and fecal occult blood test positive patients accept colonoscopy; ④ colorectal cancer registration report: the sample area of the hospital to establish a diagnosis of colorectal cancer and Death registration reporting system; ⑤ sample area to establish the cause of death of population registration system: the public security department to complete. 【Result】 The total resident population in the sample area was 50 552, with an actual survey population of 33 921. The response rate of the survey was 67.10%. The fecal occult blood was positive in 1 521 cases, with a positive rate of 4.48%. 1 920 people need endoscopy, the actual microscopy of 1 465 people, the microscopic response rate was 76.30%. Microscopic examination results: 4 cases of colorectal cancer, 89 cases of colorectal adenoma, 308 cases of other polyps, bacterial dysentery in 11 cases, 5 cases of amoebic dysentery, colon solitary ulcer in 3 cases, 2 cases of colonic meningitis, colonic diverticulum 2 For example, ulcerative colitis in 1 case, hemorrhoids in 129 cases, anal fissure in 3 cases. 【Conclusion】 The prevalence of colorectal cancer in sample area is 15.46 / 100 000.