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[目的]了解大学新生对肺结核防治知识的掌握情况,探索大学预防肺结核健康教育中的有效方法。[方法]在新生入学后进行基线调查,发放肺结核防治知识健康教育处方每人一份,自学半月后进行效果评价。[结果]干预前后新生肺结核知识知晓率分别为48.5%和83.9%(χ2=274.2436,P﹤0.001);干预前后可见明显差异的为2、3、5~10题(χ2=159.6783~574.2369,P﹤0.001);干预前后未见明显差异的为1和4题(χ2=0.3437和0.03316,P﹥0.05)。[结论]干预前大学生对肺结核知识知晓率较低,干预后大学生对肺结核知识知晓率明显提高,效果理想。在大学生中发放“肺结核防治知识健康教育处方”是一项经济、有效的健康教育措施。
[Objective] To understand the freshmen’s knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control, and to explore effective ways to prevent tuberculosis in university health education. [Method] After the freshmen enrolled in the school, a baseline survey was conducted and one of them was given a health education prescription of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge. The effect was evaluated after half a month of self-study. [Results] The knowledge rate of newborn tuberculosis before and after intervention was 48.5% and 83.9% respectively (χ2 = 274.2436, P <0.001). The difference between before and after intervention was 2,3,5 to 10 (χ2 = 159.6783 ~ 574.2369, P <0.001). No significant difference was found between 1 and 4 before and after intervention (χ2 = 0.3437 and 0.03316, P> 0.05). [Conclusion] Before the intervention, college students had a low awareness rate of tuberculosis knowledge, and the knowledge rate of tuberculosis knowledge was obviously improved after intervention. The issuance of the “prescription for tuberculosis prevention and control health education” among college students is an economic and effective health education measure.