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肿瘤转移是乳腺癌治疗失败的主要原因之一。肿瘤细胞进人外周血是发生远处转移的前提,早在1896年,Ashworth在1例因癌症死亡的患者外周血中发现了类似肿瘤的细胞,并首次提出了循环肿瘤细胞(circulating tumor cell.CTC)的概念。进人循环未被清除的肿瘤细胞可相互聚集形成微小癌栓,并在一定条件下发展为转移灶。越来越多的学者开始关注循环肿瘤细胞方面的研究,近年来,有关乳腺癌患者CTC检测及其临床应用的研究已取得了长足的进展。
Tumor metastasis is one of the main reasons for the failure of breast cancer treatment. Tumor cells entering the peripheral blood are the prerequisite for distant metastasis. As early as 1896, Ashworth found tumor-like cells in the peripheral blood of one patient died of cancer and first proposed circulating tumor cells. CTC) concept. Tumor cells that have not yet been removed into the circulation can be aggregated to form tiny tumor thrombi and develop metastases under certain conditions. More and more scholars have begun to pay attention to the research of circulating tumor cells. In recent years, great progress has been made in the research of CTC detection and its clinical application in patients with breast cancer.