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【目的】了解海南省活产新生儿出生体重状况和流学病学特点,为制定孕产期保健干预重点人群提拱科学依据。【方法】利用海南省出生医学证明管理系统,对活产新生儿出生体重进行回顾性调查。【结果】共调查海南户籍活产儿103 627人,其出生体重均值为(3 101±442)g,出生体重的分布特点为:城市(3 217g)高于农村(3 084g);东部、西部和中部地区(3 139g、3 061g、3 057g)呈逐次下降趋势;农村Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类县出生体重(3 137g、3 086g、3 061g)呈逐次下降趋势;父母均为汉族的活产儿出生体重(男3 172、女3 055)最重,父母均为少数民族的活产儿出生体重(男3 041、女2 953)最低;低出生体重发生率农村(6.1%)高于城市(4.8%),巨大儿发生率城市(5.2%)高于农村(2.5%)。【结论】海南活产儿平均出生体重低于WHO标准,在国内为出生体重均值较低的地区;不同地理环境和不同经济水平的地区间存在显著差别,经济和卫生保健状况相对落后的农村地区和少数民族地区是今后实施干预措施的重点地区;出生体重城市干预的重点是控制巨大儿的发生率,农村的干预重点是降低低出生体重发生率。
【Objective】 To understand the birth weight status and flow cytology of live-born newborns in Hainan Province and to provide a scientific basis for the key population of health care intervention during pregnancy and childbirth. 【Method】 A retrospective investigation of the birth weight of live-born newborns was made by using the birth medical certificate management system in Hainan Province. 【Results】 A total of 103 627 live births in Hainan were investigated. The average birth weight was (3 101 ± 442) g. The distribution of birth weight was as follows: 3 217 g in urban area and 3 084 g in rural areas; The birth weight (3 137 g, 3 086 g, 3 061 g) in the rural areas of Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ decreased successively in the central region (3 139g, 3 061g and 3 057g) The birth weight (M 3,041, M 2 953) was the lowest among all the live births (P 3,132 and P 3 055), and the birth weight was lower in rural areas (6.1%) than in urban areas (4.8% ), The incidence of macrosomia in cities (5.2%) is higher than in rural areas (2.5%). 【CONCLUSION】 The average birth weight of live births in Hainan is lower than the WHO standard, and in the country, the average birth weight is lower. There are significant differences in areas with different geographical environments and different economic levels. The rural areas where the economic and health conditions are relatively backward and Ethnic minority areas are the key areas for implementing intervention measures in the future. The focus of urban intervention on birth weight is to control the incidence of huge children. Rural intervention mainly focuses on reducing the incidence of low birth weight.