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目的了解社区支气管哮喘患者临床症状、肺功能与药物使用情况。方法 2007年8月至2010年1月上海市普陀区人民医院与美国哈佛大学公共卫生学院合作“上海市普陀区定群研究健康调查”项目,对上海市普陀区长征镇、甘泉社区内13个居民小区采取上门问卷调查。结果受访者共27 042名,其中哮喘患者共488例,总患病率为1.80%。哮喘患者中近1年经常使用抗哮喘药物者189例(47.49%),不经常使用抗哮喘药物者209例(52.51%)。经常使用抗哮喘药物患者FEV1%pred为(65.30±25.78)%,其中FEV1%pred≥80%有50例(32.68%);圣乔治评分(36.80±28.02)分;近1年内有呼吸系统症状者129例(69.73%)。不经常使用抗哮喘药物患者FEV1%pred为(81.55±19.01)%,肺功能FEV1%pred≥80%有99例(56.57%);圣乔治评分(7.61±15.56)分;近1年内有呼吸系统症状者42例(20.59%)。结论社区哮喘患者多数未坚持规则治疗,在经常使用抗哮喘药物患者中部分患者症状较多,圣乔治评分差,肺功能减退较为明显,提示这部分患者可能存在哮喘治疗不规范。
Objective To understand the clinical symptoms, pulmonary function and drug use in community patients with bronchial asthma. Methods From August 2007 to January 2010, Putuo District People’s Hospital of Shanghai and Harvard School of Public Health in the United States “Shanghai Putuo Qu Dingqun Research Health Survey ” project, Shanghai Putuo District Changzheng Town, Ganquan community 13 residential quarters to take home survey. Results A total of 27 042 respondents were selected, of whom 488 were asthmatic patients with a total prevalence of 1.80%. In asthma patients, 189 cases (47.49%) frequently used anti-asthma drugs and 209 cases (52.51%) did not frequently used anti-asthma drugs. FEV1% pred≥80% had 50 cases (32.68%); St. George’s score (36.80 ± 28.02) points; those who had respiratory symptoms within one year 129 cases (69.73%). FEV1% pred was (81.55 ± 19.01)% in patients who did not frequently use anti-asthma drugs, 99 cases (56.57%) were FEV1% pred≥80%, and St George’s score was (7.61 ± 15.56) points in the past year. There was respiratory system 42 cases (20.59%) had symptoms. Conclusion Most patients with community-based asthma did not adhere to regular treatment. Some patients who frequently used anti-asthma drugs had more symptoms, worse St George’s scores and more severe lung dysfunction, suggesting that some patients may have irregular treatment of asthma.