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1949年6月,苏联、蒙古政府缔结了关于建立“乌兰巴托铁路”苏蒙股份公司的协议,开始在蒙古境内修建铁路。1949年11月7日第一列旅客列车开进了蒙古首都。1965年,建成了贯通蒙古南北的铁路干线,这对蒙古的经济、政治、文化具有重大意义。在很短的历史时期内,铁路已成为蒙古的主要运输方式,目前,它承担着全国货物周转量的70％以上。主要干线的修建促进了相邻地区的迅速开发和煤炭、采矿、森林、木材加工、建材、轻工及食品等新兴工业部门的建立和发展。
In June 1949, the Soviet Union and the Mongolian government concluded an agreement on the establishment of the “Ulan Bator Railway” Sultan AG, and started to build a railway in Mongolia. November 7, 1949 The first passenger train entered the Mongolian capital. In 1965, a railway line running through north and south of Mongolia was completed, which is of great significance for Mongolia’s economy, politics and culture. In a very short historical period, the railroad has become Mongolia’s main mode of transport. At present, it is responsible for more than 70% of the national cargo turnover. The construction of major trunk roads has facilitated the rapid development of adjacent areas and the establishment and development of new industrial sectors such as coal, mining, forestry, timber processing, building materials, light industry and foodstuffs.