一、前言一条铁路的设计水位,采用什么洪水频率,体现该线在抗洪能力方面的标准,是选线设计中一个重大的标准问题。建国前的铁路选线设计,由于当时水文资料缺乏。理论研究不足等原因,一般多是根据调查的历史水位,作为设计水位。旧社会很少农田水利设施,也很少人工建筑物以治水防水,自然条件基本上是不变的,这样采用历史水位作为设计依据,是无可非议的,但是有些铁路或者有些地段,并未完全按照历史水位来设计,例如浙赣线的向塘至丰城赣江水害地段,还 I. Introduction The design water level of a railway, what flood frequency is used and the standard of the line in terms of flood resistance capability are a major standard issue in the design of line selection. Before the founding of the PRC, the design of railway route selection was lack of hydrological data at that time. Theoretical research is not enough and other reasons, generally based on the historical water level survey, as the design of water level. In the old society, there were few farmland water conservancy facilities and few artificial buildings to control water and water. The natural conditions were basically unchanged. Therefore, using historical water level as the basis for design was beyond reproach. However, some railways or some sections did not follow the principle of Historical water level to design, for example, Zhejiang-Jiangxi line Xiangtang to Fengcheng Ganjiang water damage lots, also