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18世纪西方音乐史上最有影响的事件之一是歌剧改革。歌剧改革体现了这一历史时期的重大社会变革———旧制度的瓦解和新思想的形成。作为启蒙运动在音乐领域的直接成果,表现最突出的是喜歌剧的产生。喜歌剧是对意大利正歌剧的革命,它的出现和取代正歌剧,是社会历史发展的必然结果。在新旧势力之间,围绕着歌剧的改革,展开了具有历史意义和深远影响的激烈争论。在改革派中,格鲁克是最杰出、最重要的一位。他创作的歌剧《奥菲欧与尤丽迪茜》更是歌剧改革史上最具有代表性的作品,它为大歌剧等浪漫主义歌剧的出现奠定了基础。他将歌剧音乐降格到次要的位置,使之完全服从于诗歌,这一形式和风格,对后世的瓦格纳产生了较为深远的影响。
One of the most influential events in the history of Western music in the 18th century was the opera reform. The opera reform embodies major social changes in this historical period - the collapse of the old system and the formation of new ideas. As a direct result of the Enlightenment in the field of music, the most outstanding performance is the production of comic opera. Hi opera is a revolution of the positive opera in Italy. Its emergence and replacement of positive opera is the inevitable result of the development of social history. Between the old and the new forces, there has been heated debates of historic significance and far-reaching influence around the reform of the opera. Among the reformists, Gluck is the most prominent and important one. His opera “Orpheus and Euridice” are the most representative works in the history of opera reform, which laid the foundation for the emergence of romantic opera such as Grand Opera. He downgraded opera music to a secondary position, obeying it entirely in poetry. This form and style had a more profound influence on later generations of Wagner.