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地震的震级与地震的烈度,是两个不同的概念。“震级”指的是地震的强度,它踉地震释放的能量有关。一次地震,震级只有一个。释放能量相同的地震,它们的震级相同。释放的能量越大,震级也越大。1976年7月28日我国唐山地震,释放出来的能量相当于400颗“广岛原子弹”的总能量,其震级为7.8级。 震级是根据台、站地震图上记录的最大振幅的地动位移及与其相应的周期,并考虑到地震波按震中距离而产生的衰减,按一定公式计算出来的。按震级定义和计算公式,震级没有上限。到目前为止,在我国境内发生的地震,其最大震级为8.6级;世界上有纪录可查的,最大震级也未超过8.9级。 地震与所释放的地震波能量有固定的函数关系。震级每增大1级,其释放能量就会增加33倍。
The magnitude of the earthquake and the intensity of the earthquake are two different concepts. “Magnitude” refers to the intensity of an earthquake, which is related to the energy released by the earthquake. An earthquake, there is only one magnitude. Earthquakes of the same energy are released, and their magnitudes are the same. The greater the energy released, the greater the magnitude. On July 28, 1976, the energy released from the Tangshan earthquake in China was equivalent to the total energy of 400 Hiroshima atomic bombs, with a magnitude of 7.8. Magnitude is based on station and station seismograms recorded on the maximum amplitude of the ground motion displacement and its corresponding period, and taking into account the seismic wave by the epicenter distance attenuation, calculated according to a certain formula. According to the magnitude definition and calculation formula, there is no upper limit of magnitude. So far, the largest magnitude of earthquakes that occur in our country is 8.6; the world has a record of up to 8.9 earthquakes. Earthquakes have a fixed, functional relationship with the seismic energy released. As the magnitude increases by one level, its release energy increases by 33 times.