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在甘肃河西绿洲灌区,通过田间试验研究在施氮总量不变的条件下,由绿肥代替相同含氮量的化肥对小麦产量、经济性状、土壤肥力和土壤微生物数量的影响。结果表明,第一年随着绿肥量的增加,小麦产量具有下降趋势,但绿肥收获后各处理的土壤肥力却得到显著增加;第二年随着绿肥量的增加小麦产量依次增加,以70%化肥N+30%绿肥N处理产量最高,为8 562 kg/hm2,较农民习惯施肥处理增产24.7%。绿肥氮代替化学氮在30%~45%时具有增产效果,并能改善土壤理化性质,培肥地力,促进微生物活动,具有良好的生态效益和社会效益。
In Hexi Oasis Irrigation Area of Gansu Province, the effects of green manure on the yield, economic characteristics, soil fertility and soil microbial quantity of wheat with the same nitrogen content were studied under the condition of constant total nitrogen application. The results showed that with the increase of green manure in the first year, the yield of wheat decreased, but the soil fertility of green manure increased significantly after the harvest. In the second year, with the increase of green manure, wheat yield increased by 70% Fertilizer N + 30% green manure N produced the highest yield of 8 562 kg / hm2, which was 24.7% more than that of peasants who were accustomed to fertilization. Green manure nitrogen instead of chemical nitrogen at 30% to 45% has the effect of increasing production, and can improve soil physical and chemical properties, fertility and promote microbial activity, has good ecological and social benefits.