目的：研究一种新的远志皂苷Ｈ对平滑肌和心肌的药理作用及其机制。方法：制备离体兔回肠，胸主动脉条，Ｌａｎｇｅｎｄｏｒｆ心脏，豚鼠气管条和动情期未孕大鼠子宫标本，记录给药３ｍｉｎ后的张力变化。结果：Ｈ对上述４种平滑肌均具兴奋作用，１９和７６μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１分别使其张力提高６４％和１６７％，３０％和１１８％，２０％和５０％，以及１００％和１８０％；对心脏则呈依剂量的抑制作用，１９，３８和７６μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１分别使心肌收缩力降低２０％，２３％和３４％，使心率减少１７％，２０％和３５％，但不影响冠脉流量。Ｈ对子宫的兴奋作用不受苯海拉明影响，但可被吲哚美辛部分抑制。结论：Ｈ对平滑肌具兴奋作用，对心肌具抑制作用，其中对子宫的作用可能部分地与前列腺素合成酶有关。 Objective: To study the pharmacological action and mechanism of a new Polygala tenuifolia H on smooth muscle and myocardium. Methods: Uterus specimens of isolated rabbit ileum, thoracic aortic strips, LangenFoor heart, guinea pig tracheal strips and estrus rats were prepared and the changes of tension were recorded 3 min after administration. Results: H stimulated the above four kinds of smooth muscle cells. Tension was increased by 64% and 167%, 30% and 118%, 20% and 50%, 100% and 180% respectively by 19 and 76μmol·L -1. The dose-dependent inhibition of the heart, 19,38 and 76μmol·L-1 decreased myocardial contractility by 20%, 23% and 34%, the heart rate decreased by 17%, 20% and 35%, but does not affect the crown Pulse flow. H excitement of the uterus is not affected by diphenhydramine, but can be partially inhibited by indomethacin. Conclusions: H has an excitatory effect on smooth muscle and inhibits myocardium, and the effect on uterus may be partly related to prostaglandin synthase.