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利用普朗特-卡门(Prandtl-Karman)粗糙平板上的流速分布公式,推出了二维明渠均匀流的流速计算公式;然后,在假定矩形渠道底部阻力和边墙阻力相等的条件下,推出了矩形明渠均匀流的流速计算公式;随后,利用尼古拉兹的粗糙管道流阻力系数公式,推出半圆形明渠满流时的计算公式,再转化为非满流条件下的计算公式。将推导出来的二维、矩形及半圆形明渠计算公式的计算结果同前人的试验结果相对比,二者吻合良好;并同谢才-曼宁公式的计算结果进行对比,结果表明,文中4个算例的计算结果比谢才-曼宁公式的计算结果更接近试验值。
Based on Prandtl-Karman rough plate flow velocity distribution formula, a two-dimensional flow velocity calculation formula for open channel flow is derived. Then, assuming that the resistance at the bottom of rectangular channel and the resistance of side wall are equal, Then, using the formula of flow resistance coefficient of rough pipe of Nicholas, the calculation formula of full flow of semi-circular open channel is deduced and then converted to the calculation formula under non-full flow condition. The calculated results of the two-dimensional, rectangular and semicircular canals derived from the calculation are in good agreement with the experimental results of the predecessors, and they are in good agreement with each other. Comparing with the calculation results of Xie Cai-Manning formula, The calculation results of the four cases are closer to the experimental values than the calculation results of Xie Cai-Manning formula.