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基于山东省90个气象站1961~2010年逐日气象观测数据,使用相对湿润度指数分析了山东省近50年极端干旱频率,探讨了区域内年际、夏玉米和冬小麦生长季的极端干旱变化特征。结果表明:山东省极端干旱频率为4.14n/a,鲁西北内陆频率最高,鲁东南、半岛东部最低,气候倾向率为-0.069n/10a,鲁西北、鲁西南、鲁南等地部分地区减少较明显。冬小麦、夏玉米生长季极端干旱频率分别为0.45、3.63n/a,空间分布差异明显,气候倾向率分别为-0.037、-0.049n/10a,夏玉米生长季极端干旱频率在鲁西北减少趋势明显,冬小麦生长季极端干旱频率在鲁中山区周边减少明显。
Based on the daily meteorological observation data of 90 meteorological stations in Shandong Province from 1961 to 2010, the frequency of extreme drought in Shandong Province in recent 50 years was analyzed by using the relative humidity index, and the characteristics of extreme drought in interannual, summer maize and winter wheat growing season were discussed. . The results show that the extreme drought frequency is 4.14n / a in Shandong Province, the highest frequency in the northwest of Shandong Province, the lowest in southeastern Shandong and eastern part of the peninsula, and the climate predisposition rate is -0.069n / 10a. In some areas of northwest, southwest and south of Shandong, Reduce more obvious. The extreme drought frequencies of winter wheat and summer maize were 0.45 and 3.63 n / a in the growing season, respectively. The spatial distributions were significantly different with the tendency rates of -0.037 and -0.049n / 10a, respectively. The frequency of extreme drought in the summer maize growing season decreased significantly in the northwest of Shandong , The frequency of extreme drought in the winter wheat season decreased significantly in the surrounding area of Luzhong Mountain.