一、研究背景和目的2005年,中国女性人口为6．3亿,0～14岁儿童有2．6亿,拥有世界各国中规模最大的妇幼群体。过去20年,中国在降低孕产妇和儿童死亡率方面取得了巨大成绩,妇女儿童的生存状况明显改善。但是从20世纪90年代开始,孕产妇和儿童死 I. Background and purpose of study In 2005, China had a population of 630 million women and 260 million children aged 0-14. It had the largest group of women and children in all countries in the world. In the past two decades, China has made tremendous achievements in reducing the maternal and child mortality rate, and the living conditions of women and children have significantly improved. But maternal and child deaths began in the 1990s