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在渗流作用下,土的颗粒被带动而沿孔道移运的现象就是所谓的渗流管涌。管涌曾导致不少大坝失事,造成严重损失。由于土中颗粒间的相对位置是随机的,孔隙的形状是不规则的,以及颗粒间的作用力带有不确定性,因此渗流管涌必然是一种随机过程。Terzaghi曾认为管涌“像白蚁蛀蚀木头一样”是难以预测的.本文考虑管涌通道端点的随机游动,用更新理论来描述端点的运动,求得一维及二维随机模型,从而可以估计管涌破坏的概率和土体渗流稳定性,由此得出一个重要结论:渗流破坏不仅与相对渗径有关,而且还与绝对渗径长度有关。本文还给出算例。
Under the effect of seepage, the particles of soil are driven and transported along the tunnel is the so-called seepage piping. The gushing has caused many dams to crash and caused serious losses. Because the relative position of the particles in the soil is random, the shape of the pores is irregular, and the forces between the particles are uncertain, so the seepage of the piping is necessarily a random process. Terzaghi used to think that piping “like termites etched wood” is unpredictable. This paper considers the random walk of the end of the piping channel, describes the movement of the end point using update theory, and obtains a one-dimensional and two-dimensional stochastic model to estimate the damage of the piping. The probability and the seepage stability of the soil, from which an important conclusion is drawn: seepage destruction is not only related to the relative permeability, but also related to the length of the absolute permeability. This article also gives an example.